중2_동아윤정미_3과 문법정리와 문제

안녕하세요!

Alone English 중2 동아윤 3과 문법은
1) 수동태 (be p.p)
2) 5형식 (S P O O.C)
입니다~

수동태는 동사와 수동분사의 p.p와 완료분사의 p.p를
정확하게 구별해내는 공부를 한 후에 시작해야합니다.
그리고 우리말 능력으로 해결할 수 있는 아이들이라면
문법적 도식보다 우리말로 구성해서 영작으로 접근하는게 항상 효과가 좋았습니다.
저도 중학교 때 수동태는 이런 방식으로 이해했습니다.
 
먼저, 가장중요한!!
수동분사의 p.p.는 '당한, 받은, 되어진, 느낀'의 형용사 뜻 4개라고 암기하고 시작합니다!
이 개념을 이해시킬 때 꼭 물어보는 질문~
'행복한'이 영어로 뭐냐고 물어보면 'happy'라 답하고
'행복하다'는 뭐냐고 물어봤을 때 대체로 대답이 바로 나오지않습니다 ㅠㅠ
 
고민할 시간을 줘도 'be happy'가 나오지 않는 아이들이라면
분사 개념이 잘 안되어 있는 아이들입니다~
'is happy'라고 대답한다면 그나마 훌륭하지만 서술어, 특히 be동사의 시제 개념이 부족한것이죠~
 
이제 수동태를 시작해볼까용~

1) 수동태 : be p.p (당하다, 받다, 되어지다, 느끼다)

A. 능동태를 수동태로 바꿀 때
① 을 찾아서 밑줄 긋기
ex) She made the box.
 
② 은으로 바꿔서 우리말 써보기
ex) 그 상자는/ 만들어졌다/ 그녀에 의하여
 
③ 영작하기 – 서술어 be p.p 쓸 때 be동사의 시제, 수일치 조심
ex) The box/ was made/ by her.
 
★ 수동태 만들기 연습
1) People first invented coins in the 7th century B.C. in Lydia. →

 

2) People made them from gold and silver. →
 
3) People could carry them easily. →
 
4) People used all kinds of things as money. →
 
5) People used shells in China around 1200 B.C.. →
 
6) People may not use coins and paper money in the future. →
 
답 : 1) Coins was first invented in the 7th century B.C. in Lydia. 2) They were made from gold and silver. 3) They could be carried easily. 4) All kinds of things were used as money. 5) Shells were used in China around 1200 B.C.. 6) Coins and paper money may not be used in the future.
 
B. 수동태를 능동태로 바꿀 때
① 의하여를 찾아서 은으로 바꿔서 우리말 써보기
ex) The box was made by her.
→ 그녀는
 
② 서술어의 p.p의 원형을 찾아서 시제 넣어 우리말로 써보기
ex) The box was made by her.
원형 make, 시제 과거
→ 그녀는 만들었다
 
③ 은을 찾아서 을로 바꿔서 우리말 써보기
ex) The box was made by her.
→ 그녀는 만들었다 그 상자를
 
④ 영작하기 – 서술어 시제, 수일치 조심
그녀는 만들었다 그 상자를
→ She made the box.
 
 
★ 능동태 만들기 연습
1) All kinds of things were used as money. (by people) →
 
2) Shells were used (by people) in china around 1200 B.C.. →
 
3) Almonds were used as money by Indians. →
 
4) Tea was used as money by Mongolians. →
 
5) Coins were first invented (by people) in the 7th century B.C. in Lydia. →
 
6) They were made from gold and silver. (by people) →
 
7) They could be carried easily (by people). →
 
8) Some people think that coins and paper money may not be used (by people) in the future. →
 
답 : 1) People used all kinds of things as money. 2) People used shells in China around 1200 B.C.. 3) Indians used almonds as money. 4) Mongolians used tea as money. 5) People first invented coins in the 7th century B.C. in Lydia. 6) People made them from gold and silver. 7) People could carry them easily. 7) Some people think that people may not use coins and paper money in the future.  
 
 
C. 4형식의 수동태
① 에게 찾아서 밑줄 긋고, 을 찾아서 밑줄 긋기
ex) I gave him the gift.
              에게 을
 
 
---에게 주어 수동태----------------------------------------------
 
② 에게를 은으로 해석해서 우리말로 써보기
ex) 그는 주어졌다 그 선물을 나에 의하여
 
③ 영작하기 – 서술어 be p.p 쓸 때 be동사의 시제, 수일치 조심
ex) He was given the gift by me.
 
---을 주어 수동태-----------------------------------------------
 
② 을를 은으로 해석해서 우리말로 써보기
ex) 그 선물은 주어졌다 그에게 나에 의하여
 
③ 영작하기 – 서술어 be p.p 쓸 때 be동사의 시제, 수일치 조심, 에게 앞에 전치사 쓰기
ex) The gift was given to him by me.
 
* 수여동사 수동태 만들때 '에게' 목적어 앞에 전치사 
: give 류 - be given 를 to 에게 (give, send, pass, bring, show, teach, sell, tell, write, mail)
: make 류 - be made 를 for 에게 (make, buy, get, cook, win, do, find, choose, build)
: ask 류 - be asked 를 of 에게 (ask, beg, require, inquire, demand)
 
 
★ 수동태 만들기 연습
1) My uncle gave me this lap-top computer.
→
→
2) They gave me two hours to make a decision.
→
→
3) The banks gave people paper slips as receipts.
→
→
 
답 : 1) I was given this lap-top computer by my uncle. This lap-top computer was given to me by
my uncle. 2) I was given two hours to make a decision by them. Two hours was given to me by them. 3) People were given paper slips as receipts by the banks. Paper slips were given to people as receipts by the banks.
 
 
 
★ 능동태 만들기 연습
1) The album was showed to me by Ted. →
 
2) Jim wasn't offered the work by us. →
 
3) The salt cellar was passed to my sister by me. →
 
4) I was given two hours to make a decision by them. →
 
5) The answer must be asked of her by Steve. →
 
답 : 1) Ted showed me the album./ Ted showed the album to me. 2) We didn’t offer Jim the work./ We didn’t offer the work to Jim. 3) I passed my sister the salt cellar./ I passed the salt cellar to my sister. 4) They gave me two hours to make a decision. / They gave two hours to me to make a decision. 5) Steve must ask the answer of her. / Steve must ask her the answer.
 
 
★ 주의하기 – 1) 자동사의 수동태는 무조건 틀렸음!!
자동사 : 목적어(를 , 에게, 가)가 붙지 않는 동사
happen (발생하다)
stay (머물다)
appear (나타나다)
disappear (사라지다)
exist (존재하다)
rise (뜨다, 오르다)
come (오다)
go (가다)
work (일하다)
 
The man [appeared/was appeared] suddenly.
The problem [exists/is existed] now.
The sun [rises/is risen].
We [raised/were raised] by our grandmother.
What [happened/was happened] to him?
You must [stay/be stayed] here.
 
답 : appeared / exists / rises / were raised / happened / stay
 
★ 주의하기 – 2) by 행위자는 생략가능
: 일반적인 사람일 때
: 행위자를 알수 없을 때
: 문맥으로 알수 있을 때
 
People can speak English in the United States.
English can be spoken in the United States (by people).
The building was built in 1810 (by someone).
All my task is done in time (by me).
 
★ 주의하기 – 3) 의문문 수동태 만들기 : 3단계로 하기
A. 평서문으로 바꾸기
B. 수동태로 바꾸기
C. 의문문으로 바꾸기
 
ex) When did he invent the machine?
→평서문으로 바꾸기 : when he invented the machine
→수동태로 바꾸기 : when the machine was invented by him
→의문문으로 바꾸기 : When was the machine invented by him?
 
1) Where can James see the movie?
→평서문으로 바꾸기
→수동태로 바꾸기
→의문문으로 바꾸기
 
2) Did they catch the train?
→평서문으로 바꾸기
→수동태로 바꾸기
→의문문으로 바꾸기
 
3) Why did you turn off the radio?
→평서문으로 바꾸기
→수동태로 바꾸기
→의문문으로 바꾸기
 
4) Why does the newspaper report the topic?
→평서문으로 바꾸기
→수동태로 바꾸기
→의문문으로 바꾸기
 
답 : 1) where James can see the movie/where the movie can be seen by James/ Where can the movie be seen by James? 2) they caught the train/the train was caught by them/ Was the train caught by them? 3) why you turned off the radio/why the radio was turned off by you/ Why was the radio turned off by you? 4) why the newspaper reports the topic/why the topic is reported by the newspaper/ Why is the topic reported by the newspaper?
 
 
 

 

 

2) S P O가 O.C하도록, 하는 것을

★ 5형식 문장 만들기 연습
1) 버터는 빵을 부드럽게 만든다.
 
2) 그 축구 경기는 나를 흥분되게 한다. (make)
 
3) 햄버거들은 사람들을 뚱뚱하게 만든다.
 
4) 자동차들은 우리의 삶을 더 편리하게 만든다. (convenient)
 
5) 그 긴 산책은 우리가 매우 피곤하도록 만들었다. (the long walk)
 
6) 동전들은 정확한 교환들을 가능하게 했다. (make)
 
7) 음악을 듣는 것은 나를 행복하게 한다.
 
8) 그는 그 소년이 줄넘기하고 있는 것을 보았다. (see, jump rope)
 
9) 그는 그의 자동차를 고치게했다. (let, repair)
 
답 : 1) Butter makes bread soft. 2) The soccer game makes me excited. 3) Hamburgers make people fat. 4) Cars make our lives convenient. 5) The long walk made us very tired. 6) Coins made exact exchanges possible. 7) Listening to music makes me happy. 8) He saw the boy jumping/jump rope. 9) He let his car repaired.
 
★ 형식 구분하기 연습
He made food for his parents. (      )
She made the dress by herself. (      )
They made a house out of boxes. (      )
John made the film. (      )
The movie made us bored. (      )
She made everything wonderful. (      )
I made her a beautiful shirt. (      )
It made the dish more delicious. (      )
His action made her angry. (      )
We made our children many stories. (      )
He made his dog a nice collar. (      )
 
답 : 3, 3, 3, 3, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4
 
★ 틀린 곳 고치기 연습
1) Hot weather makes me tire.
2) The news make me sadly.
3) The illness made him weakly.
4) That device made space trip possibly.
5) The novel made me cried.
6) Easy grammar makes English speaking widely.
 
답 : 1) tired 2) sad 3) weak 4) possible 5) cry 6) spoken
 
 
 
여기까지~!
아래 파일은 위의 개념 정리와 문제 모음입니다~!

AloneEnglish_중2_동아윤_3과_수동태, 5형식.pdf

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이번 시험도 화이팅입니다!!